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Impact Evaluation in Practice

This book off ers an accessible introduction to the topic of impact evaluation and its practice in development. Although the book is geared principally toward development practitioners and policy makers, we trust that it will be a valuable resource for students and others interested in impact evaluation. Prospective impact evaluations assess whether or not a program has achieved its intended results or test alternative strategies for achieving those results. We consider that more and better impact evaluations will help strengthen the evidence base for development policies and programs around the world. Our hope is that if governments and development practitioners can make policy decisions based on evidence?including evidence generated through impact evaluation?development resources will be spent more eff ectively to reduce poverty and improve people?s lives. The three parts in this handbook provide a nontechnical introduction to impact evaluations, discussing what to evaluate and why in part 1; how to evaluate in part 2; and how to implement an evaluation in part 3. These elements are the basic tools needed to successfully carry out an impact evaluation. The approach to impact evaluation in this book is largely intuitive, and we attempt to minimize technical notation. We provide the reader with a core set of impact evaluation tools?the concepts and methods that underpin any impact evaluation?and discuss their application to real-world development operations. The methods are drawn directly from applied research in the social sciences and share many commonalities with research methods used in the natural sciences. In this sense, impact evaluation brings the empirical research tools widely used in economics and other social sciences together with the operational and political-economy realities of policy implementation and development practice. From a methodological standpoint, our approach to impact evaluation is largely pragmatic: we think that the most appropriate methods should be xiv Impact Evaluation in Practice identifi ed to fi t the operational context, and not the other way around. This is best achieved at the outset of a program, through the design of prospective impact evaluations that are built into the project?s implementation. We argue that gaining consensus among key stakeholders and identifying an evaluation design that fi ts the political and operational context are as important as the method itself. We also believe strongly that impact evaluations should be candid about their limitations and caveats. Finally, we strongly encourage policy makers and program managers to consider impact evaluations in a logical framework that clearly sets out the causal pathways by which a program works to produce outputs and infl uence fi nal outcomes, and to combine impact evaluations with monitoring and complementary evaluation approaches to gain a full picture of performance. What is perhaps most novel about this book is the approach to applying impact evaluation tools to real-world development work. Our experiences and lessons on how to do impact evaluation in practice are drawn from teaching and working with hundreds of capable government, academic, and development partners. Among all the authors, the book draws from dozens of years of experience working with impact evaluations in almost every corner of the globe. This book builds on a core set of teaching materials developed for the ?Turning Promises to Evidence? workshops organized by the offi ce of the Chief Economist for Human Development (HDNCE), in partnership with regional units and the Development Economics Research Group (DECRG) at the World Bank. At the time of writing, the workshop had been delivered over 20 times in all regions of the world. The workshops and this handbook have been made possible thanks to generous grants from the Spanish government and the United Kingdom?s Department for International Development (DfID) through contributions to the Spanish Impact Evaluation Fund (SIEF). This handbook and the accompanying presentations and lectures are available at http://www.worldbank.org/ieinpractice. Other high-quality resources provide introductions to impact evaluation for policy, for instance, Baker 2000; Ravallion 2001, 2008, 2009; Dufl o, Glennerster, and Kremer 2007; Dufl o and Kremer 2008; Khandker, Koolwal, and Samad 2009; and Leeuw and Vaessen 2009. The present book differentiates itself by combining a comprehensive, nontechnical overview of quantitative impact evaluation methods with a direct link to the rules of program operations, as well as a detailed discussion of practical implementation aspects. The book also links to an impact evaluation course and supporting capacity building material. The teaching materials on which the book is based have been through many incarnations and have been taught by a number of talented faculty, all Preface xv of whom have left their mark on the methods and approach to impact evaluation. Paul Gertler and Sebastian Martinez, together with Sebastian Galiani and Sigrid Vivo, assembled a fi rst set of teaching materials for a workshop held at the Ministry of Social Development (SEDESOL) in Mexico in 2005. Christel Vermeersch developed and refi ned large sections of the technical modules of the workshop and adapted a case study to the workshop setup. Laura Rawlings and Patrick Premand developed materials used in more recent versions of the workshop. We would like to thank and acknowledge the contributions and substantive input of a number of other faculty who have co-taught the workshop, including Felipe Barrera, Sergio Bautista-Arredondo, Stefano Bertozzi, Barbara Bruns, Pedro Carneiro, Nancy Qian, Jishnu Das, Damien de Walque, David Evans, Claudio Ferraz, Jed Friedman, Emanuela Galasso, Sebastian Galiani, Gonzalo Hern?ndez Licona, Arianna Legovini, Phillippe Leite, Mattias Lundberg, Karen Macours, Plamen Nikolov, Berk ?zler, Gloria M. Rubio, and Norbert Schady. We are grateful for comments from our peer reviewers, Barbara Bruns, Arianna Legovini, Dan Levy, and Emmanuel Skoufi as, as well as from Bertha Briceno, Gloria M. Rubio, and Jennifer Sturdy. We also gratefully acknowledge the eff orts of a talented workshop organizing team, including Paloma Acevedo, Theresa Adobea Bampoe, Febe Mackey, Silvia Paruzzolo, Tatyana Ringland, Adam Ross, Jennifer Sturdy, and Sigrid Vivo. The original mimeos on which parts of this book are based were written in a workshop held in Beijing, China, in July 2009. We thank all of the individuals who participated in drafting the original transcripts of the workshop, in particular Paloma Acevedo, Carlos Asenjo, Sebastian Bauhoff , Bradley Chen, Changcheng Song, Jane Zhang, and Shufang Zhang. We are also grateful to Kristine Cronin for excellent research assistance, Marco Guzman and Martin Ruegenberg for designing the illustrations, and Cindy A. Fisher, Fiona Mackintosh, and Stuart K. Tucker for editorial support during the production of the book. We gratefully acknowledge the support for this line of work throughout the World Bank, including support and leadership from Ariel Fiszbein, Arianna Legovini, and Martin Ravallion. Finally, we would like to thank the participants in workshops held in Mexico City, New Delhi, Cuernavaca, Ankara, Buenos Aires, Paipa, Fortaleza, Sofi a, Cairo, Managua, Madrid, Washington, Manila, Pretoria, Tunis, Lima, Amman, Beijing, Sarajevo, Cape Town, San Salvador, Kathmandu, Rio de Janeiro, and Accra. Through their interest, sharp questions, and enthusiasm, we were able to learn step by step what it is that policy makers are looking for in impact evaluations. We hope this book refl ects their ideas.

Ketersediaan

Call NumberLocationAvailable
Tan 338. 900 72 Ger iPSB lt.dasar - Pascasarjana1
Penerbit Washington The World Bank.,
Edisi -
Subjek Economic development projects
Evaluation : Evaluation research (Social action pr
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